Popular reporting and Public Governance: the case of "Bilancio in Arancio" in Milan Municipality

Purpose: The purpose of this contribution is to investigate whether popular reports can strengthen public governance by fostering greater transparency and public participation. Methodology/approach: The analysis is based on the case of the “Bilancio in Arancio” of the Municipality of Milan. Data are collected through a triangulation of sources, including the authors’ direct observation, conversational interviews, the press and a questionnaire distributed to the citizens participating in the experience. Findings: The analysis discusses how popular reports can improve Public Governance, and identify related critical issues. More specifically, four key aspects of Popular reporting appear to play a central role in strengthening governance, i.e. their capacity to ensure greater transparency, neutrality, enhanced participation and impacts on decision making. We suggest that every aspect represents an important “step” to be taken in an ideal “ladder of participation”. Practical implications: Governments that want to enhance public governance may have an interest in developing popular reports, paying attention at ensuring transparency, neutrality, stakeholders’ participation and their contribution to decision making processes. Social implications: Popular reports can provide to citizens the education on public budgeting issues required to consciously participate in public decision making processes and give them greater voice and power to express their instances. Popular reports can also promote a two-way communication and dialogue between citizens and governments. Originality/value: Drawing on the experience of the Municipality of Milan, more general lessons are learnt on the role of popular reports in strengthening public governance, and on the related strengths and weaknesses.