The main issue dealt with by paper is summarized by the following question: “does the EU TDIs and the way they are used fit with the changes of trade patterns caused by globalization”? Answering to this question requires firstly to mark the boundaries of the discussion, to the rules and procedures provided by the international organization governing the globalization in the field of trade, namely the WTO, and secondly to find alternative instruments aimed at protecting European industries from the unfair imports of goods originating in countries where: anti-competitive practices are not punished, producers benefit from state aid, the market access is hindered or highly protected.