Medical device industry is characterized by considerable degree of dependence on public demand, increasing regulation and high heterogeneity of exchanged goods. The aim of this study id to analyze medical devices industry’s structure and performances, grouping firms on the basis of the category of medical device produced or sold and of the position in the supply chain. Results have shown generalized trends (e.g. the fall in profitability during the reference period) as well as category-specific trends. Further research could be developed starting from the hypothesis of significant impact of policies on firms’ performances and market structure.