Building a bridge between institutional and managerial reforms

The debate on reforms in the public sector has long insisted on the opposition between the legale-institutional approach and the managerial approach. According to the institutional approach, the reform of public agencies begins with an overall reorganisation of the power and functions of the different government levels and is based on a general adjustment of the set of system rules. The managerial approach considers the rules as a restriction or a challenge to the development of processes of change that are highly focused on the responsible exercise of indipendence by each authority.