This paper aims to give a contribution to bridging research on very low and lowest-low fertility with research on general population dynamics. The focus is on Europe, and on Italy and Spain—the forerunners of lowest-low fertility—in particular. The paper is structured in two parts. In the first part, I shall review the literature aimed at the explanation of the emergence of lowest-low fertility in Europe. In the second part, I will illustrate some (perhaps) surprising very recent trends in Italy and Spain, drawing some implications for the demography of countries that have experienced lowest-low fertility.
Lowest-Low Fertility in Europe: Exploring the Causes and Finding Some Surprises
BILLARI, FRANCESCO CANDELORO
2008
Abstract
This paper aims to give a contribution to bridging research on very low and lowest-low fertility with research on general population dynamics. The focus is on Europe, and on Italy and Spain—the forerunners of lowest-low fertility—in particular. The paper is structured in two parts. In the first part, I shall review the literature aimed at the explanation of the emergence of lowest-low fertility in Europe. In the second part, I will illustrate some (perhaps) surprising very recent trends in Italy and Spain, drawing some implications for the demography of countries that have experienced lowest-low fertility.
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